Ho nahanoa ka litšobotsi tsa hona joale tsa thepa le litlhoko tsa lipalangoang tsamechine ea ho etsa lifilimi, khetho pakeng tsa thepa ea leoatle le lipalangoang tsa literene e lokela ho hlahloba ka botlalo lintlha tse latelang tsa bohlokoa:
I. Sea Freight Solution Analysis"
Tšebeliso ea Litšenyehelo"
Litšenyehelo tsa yuniti ea thepa ea leoatleng li tlase haholo ho feta lipalangoang tsa moea, haholo-holo tse loketseng lisebelisoa tse boima tse ngata joalo kamechine ea ho etsa lifilimi. Lintlha tsa litšupiso li bonts'a sekhahla sa lijana tsa maoto a 40 litseleng tsa Middle East li ka ba 6,000 - 7,150 (phetoho ea kamora Pherekhong 2025).
Bakeng sa lisebelisoa tse ka qhaqhoang, ho romelloa ka Tlase ho Container Load (LCL) ho ka fokotsa litšenyehelo, ho boloka hoo e ka bang 60% ha ho bapisoa le lipalangoang tse felletseng.
Scenarios tse sebetsang"
E loketse ha libaka tsa maeto li le haufi le likou tse kholo tsa Middle East (mohlala, Jebel Ali Port e Dubai, Salalah Port e Oman), e nolofalletsang ho palama boema-kepe ka kotloloho.
E loketse moo linako tsa ho etella pele li fetohang (ho tsamaea ka kakaretso ~ matsatsi a 35-45) ho se na litlhoko tse potlakileng tsa ho qala tlhahiso.
Keletso ea Kotsi"
Litsela tsa likepe tsa Leoatle le Lefubelu li angoa ke likhohlano tsa libaka, 'me bajari ba bang ba kheloha ka Cape of Good Hope, ba eketsa maeto ka matsatsi a 15-20.
Bakhanni ba sebelisa haholo Peak Season Surcharges (PSS) mathoasong a 2025-ho boloka sebaka sa pele ho bohlokoa ho fokotsa ho feto-fetoha ha sekhahla.
II. Tlhahlobo ea Tharollo ea Lipalangoang tsa Terene"
Molemo oa ho Sebelisa Nako"
Litsela tsa China-Europe Railway Express tse fetelang Bochabela bo Hare (mohlala, tataiso ea Iran-Turkey) li fana ka linako tsa ho tsamaea tsa matsatsi a ~ 21-28, 40% ka potlako ho feta thepa ea leoatleng.
Sekhahla sa ho boloka nako se fihla ho 99%, se nang le tšusumetso e fokolang ho tsoa ho litšitiso tsa tlhaho.
Litšenyehelo & Tlosa Meetlo"
Litšenyehelo tsa thepa ea terene li theoha lipakeng tsa lipalangoang tsa leoatle le sefofane, empa lithuso tsa China-Europe Railway Express li ka fokotsa litšenyehelo tsohle ka 8%.
Sistimi ea TIR (Transports Internationaux Routiers) e thusa "ho hlakola moetlo o le mong," ho qoba tieho ea tlhahlobo ea meeli e mengata (mohlala, ka Kazakhstan ho ea Iran).
Mefokolo"
Ts'ebetso e lekanyelitsoe libakeng tse khethehileng tsa Bochabela bo Hare (mohlala, Tehran, Istanbul), tse hlokang lipalangoang tsa litsela tsa ho qetela.
Ho romelloa ka thepa hangata ho hloka lithupelo tse felletseng kapa litlhophiso tse inehetseng tsa terene, ho fokotsa ho tenyetseha ha libache tse nyane.
III. Likhothaletso tsa Qeto (Ho ipapisitsoe le Litšobotsi tsa Thepa)"
| Ho nahanela Dimension | Bea Pele ho Tsamaisa Lijana Tsa Leoatleng | Bea Pele ho Lipalangoang tsa Terene |
| Lead time | ≥45-letsatsi la ho fana ka potoloho e amohelehang | ≤25-letsatsi la ho fihla lea hlokahala |
| Tekanyetso ea Litšenyehelo | Khatello ea litšenyehelo e feteletseng (<$6,000/sekontiri) | Tefiso e itekanetseng e amohelehang (~$7,000–9,000/setshelo) |
| Sebaka | Haufi le likou (mohlala, Dubai, Doha) | Libaka tse ka hare ho naha (mohlala, Tehran, Ankara) |
| Litlhaloso tsa Cargo | Sesebediswa sa boholo bo feteletseng se sa qhaqhang | Thepa e tloaelehileng ea ho qhaqhoa |
IV. Mekhoa ea ho ntlafatsa"
Lipalangoang tse Kopantsoeng: Harola lisebelisoa tse kholo; lisebelisoa tsa mantlha tsa sekepe ka terene ho netefatsa linako tsa tlhahiso, ha likarolo tse thusang li tsamaea ka leoatle bakeng sa phokotso ea litšenyehelo.
Litšusumetso tsa Leano: Sebelisa tumello ea moetlo metseng e meholo e kang Chongqing ho etsa kopo ea lithuso tsa China-Europe Railway Express (ho fihla ho 8%).
Kotsi ea ho Hedging: Saena likonteraka tse arohaneng tsa "sea-rail" hore li fetohele litselaneng tsa Terene ea China-Europe haeba likoluoa tsa Leoatle le Lefubelu li ka mpefala.
Khetha thepa ea leoatleng bakeng samechine ea ho etsa lifilimie reretsoeng litoropo tsa boema-kepe tsa Gulf tse nang le linako tse feto-fetohang. Khetha bakeng sa lipalangoang tsa terene ea China-Europe Railway Express bakeng sa libaka tse ka hare ho naha tsa Bochabela bo Hare (mohlala, Iran) kapa li-startups tse potlakileng tsa tlhahiso, ho sebelisa tumello ea TIR le maano a lithuso ho ntlafatsa litšenyehelo.
Nako ea poso: Jun-23-2025